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Background Knowledge  |  Charging infrastructure


Is wireless charging the future?

It is no secret that the demand for fully or partly electric-powered vehicles on the fleet market is increasing – not least because attractive models from the Group brands Volkswagen, Audi, SEAT, ŠKODA and Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles are boosting this trend.

One challenge that this development continues to pose, however, is that of the charging infrastructure – though things are happening here too. For example, the Federal Network Agency in Germany announced more than 44,000 publicly accessible charging points with in excess of 6,300 fast-charging points for June – not counting corporate and private offers. What is common to the electricity purchasing experience is the fact that the energy transfer is cable-based – but this could also change in the foreseeable future.

Keyword: inductive charging

Strictly speaking, this technology is nothing new. After all, smartphones and electric toothbrushes are already charged in this way. But how this might work with electric vehicles was examined recently by the German Institute for Automation and Communication (ifak) in collaboration with project partners (including the Group brand Audi). And already, system efficiencies of up to 90 per cent have been achieved with a new coil system. The tests were carried out at high loading capacities of up to 11 kW.

Source: Zollner Elektronik AG
This is what a coil system looks like in theory: The upper plate is integrated into the electric vehicle, while the lower plate is located on the ground. The orange-coloured lines are a simplistic representation of the energy transfer.

Electric vehicles as energy storage devices

Bi-directional charging on a wireless or inductive basis ought to be possible too. This would additionally enable electricity to be recovered from parked electric vehicles or plug-in hybrids and supplied to the power grid. “We were able to show that not only is automatic wireless charging of electric vehicles technically possible, but also recovery of battery power from such vehicles for feeding back into the power grid”, explains ifak project manager Axel Hoppe. For example, the project partners tested the fully automatic charging of the battery and examined whether the charging current recovered could be fed back, also remotely, into the power grid. “With the support of wireless solutions, such as WLAN or also 5G in the future, we were able to resolve this optimally”, explains Hoppe.

Using a bi-directional system, the high-voltage battery in an electric vehicle could therefore be used as a local storage medium, so that if corporate clients have a photovoltaic system, they could use their electric company cars as a temporary storage for the green electricity they generate. When the sun is no longer shining, the vehicle simply feeds the stored energy back into the company’s power grid. This can reduce electricity costs and increase network stability at the same time. In addition, it is even conceivable to achieve almost complete energy autonomy as well as increased certainty of supply in the case of a major blackout by also using an energy storage unit. It is therefore already foreseeable: The new charging technologies can make fleets more flexible and independent in the future – and perhaps even enable completely new business models too.

Status: 01.09.2021
© Volkswagen AG

Q7, fuel consumption in l/100 km (combined):11,0–7,8; CO₂ emissions in g/km (combined): 251–204; CO₂ class: G. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status 03.2024)
ID.7 Tourer Pro, power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 16.8-14.5; CO₂ emission in g/km: combined 0. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicle. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status: 03.2024)
Superb, the official consumption and emission figures will not be available until the type approval process is concluded. (Status: 12.2023)
Enyaq 85 / Enyaq 85x, Enyaq 85: power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 15.8-14.9; CO₂ emission in g/km: combined 0. Enyaq 85x: power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 16.8-16.0; CO₂ emission in g/km: combined 0. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle image shows special equipment. (Status: 12.2023)
Q4 Sportback e-tron, power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 18,9–15,6 (WLTP); CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 0. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle image shows special equipment. (Status: 11.2023)
Audi S6 Limousine TDI, fuel consumption in l/100 km (combined): 7,3–6,9; CO₂ emissions in g/km (combined): 191–182. Consumption and emission values are only available according to WLTP and not according to NEDC for the vehicle. (Status: 10.2023)
Audi S6 Avant TDI, fuel consumption in l/100 km (combined): 7.5–7.1; CO₂ emissions in g/km (combined): 196–187. Consumption and emission values are only available according to WLTP and not according to NEDC for the vehicle. (Status: 10.2023)
Audi S7 Sportback TDI, fuel consumption in l/100 km (combined): 7.5–7.1; CO₂ emissions in g/km (combined): 195–186. Consumption and emission values are only available according to WLTP and not according to NEDC for the vehicle. (Status: 10.2023)
Porsche Taycan 4, power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 24.8–19.6; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 0. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status:07.2023)
Audi e-tron GT quattro, power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 21.6–19.6; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 0. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status:07.2023)
Born 170 kW (231 PS) 77 kWh, power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 17.5-15.7; CO₂ emissions in g/km: kombiniert 0; electric range (combined): 496-552 km (527-551 km for 5 seater) (WLTP). Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status:07.2023)
Tavascan, vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 04.2023)
Vehicle no longer available for order, no consumption and emission data are available.
Golf Alltrack, fuel consumption in l/100 km: combined 5.9–5.6; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 154-146. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status: 03.2023)
Audi R8 Spyder, fuel consumption in l/100 km: combined 13.9–13.4; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 316-305. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status: 03.2023)
Polo GTI, fuel consumption in l/100 km: combined 7.1–6.8; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 161-153. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status: 03.2023)
Leon CUPRA 300, no longer available for order. (Status: 03.2023)
Audi e-tron, power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 24.3–22.0; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 0: efficiency class: A+++. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status: 09.2019)
A6 Avant TFSI e quattro, fuel consumption in l/100 km: combined 1.6–1.3; power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 21.5–19.8; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 37-30. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status: 03.2023)
SEAT Leon e-Hybrid, currently not available. (Status: 03.2023)
Arteon eHybrid and Arteon Shhoting Brake eHybrid, Arteon eHybrid: fuel consumption in l/100 km: combined 1.4–1.1; power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 16.0–14.7; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 31-25. Arteon Shooting Brake eHybrid: fuel consumption in l/100 km: combined 1.4–1.2; power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 16.2–15.0; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 32-26. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicles. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status: 03.2023)
T-Roc R, fuel consumption in l/100 km: combined 9.1–8.6; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 205-196. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status:03.2023)
ID.4, ID.4 Pure Performance: power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 17.9–16.7; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 0. ID.4 Pro Performance: power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 18.6–16.4; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 0. ID.4 Pro 4MOTION: power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 19.3–17.1; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 0.Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status: 03.2023)
Enyaq iV and Enyaq Coupé iV, Enyaq iV: power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 17.1–15.8; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 0. Enyaq Coupé iV: power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 16.9–15.4; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 0.Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status: 03.2023)
Motorsports vehicle, not available as a production model, no consumption and emission data are available.
ID.4 GTX, power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 19.3–17.2 (WLTP); CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 0. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status: 03.2023)
Amarok PanAmericana, fuel consumption in l/100 km: combined 10.5–10.2; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 274-267. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status:03.2023)
ID.3, power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 16.5–15.2; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 0. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status: 07.2023)
Audi Q8 e-tron, combined power consumption in kWh/100 km: 24.4–20.1(WLTP); CO₂ emissions (combined) in g/km: 0. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not according to NEDC are available for the vehicles. Information on fuel/power consumption and CO₂ emissions given in ranges depends on the equipment selected for the vehicle. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status: 12.2022)
Superb, official consumption and emission figures are not yet available, as the type approval process has not yet been completed.
ID. Buzz and ID. Buzz Cargo, ID. Buzz Pro: power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 21.8 - 20.6; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 0. ID. Buzz Cargo: power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 22.3-20.3; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 0. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not NEDC are available for the vehicles. Fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions data with ranges depending on the vehicle equipment selected. Vehicle illustrations show optional equipment.
ID.5 Pro and ID.5 Pro Performance, Power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 18.4-16.1; CO2 emissions in g/km: combined 0. Only consumption and emission values according to WLTP and not NEDC are available for the vehicles. Fuel consumption and CO2 emission data with ranges depending on the equipment selected for the vehicles. Vehicle illustration shows optional equipment.
Image shows concept vehicle/study, the vehicle is not available as a production model, no consumption and emission data are available.
ID.5 Pro, power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 16.2; CO2 emissions in g/km: 0; efficiency class: A+++.Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 11.2021)
ID.5 GTX, Power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 17.1; CO₂ emissions in g/km: 0; efficiency class: A+++. Vehicle image shows special equipment. (Status: 05.2022)
Audi e-tron, power consumption in kWh/100 km: 24.3–22.0 combined; CO2-emission combined in g/km: 0; Efficiency class: A+++. Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 09.2019)
ID.4 Pro Performance, power consumption in kWh/100 km: 16.0–14.8 combined; CO2-emission combined in g/km: 0; Efficiency class: A+++. Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 02.2021)
Q5 Sportback, fuel consumption in l/100 km: Combined 7.6-4.7; CO2 emissions in g/km: Combined 182-123; efficiency class: C-A+. Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 02.2021)
Caddy Cargo, Fuel consumption in l/100 km: Combined 5.8-4.4; CO₂ emissions in g/km: Combined 131-117. Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 02.2021)
OCTAVIA COMBI SCOUT 1,5 TSI DSG e-TEC 110 kW, fuel consumption in l/100 km: Urban 6.1, extra-urban 4.2, combined 4.9; CO2 emissions in g/km: combined 112; efficiency class: A. Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 02.2021)
SEAT Leon Sportstourer e-HYBRID, power consumption in kWh/100 km: Combined: 15.5–15.0; electricity consumption/petrol in l/100 km: Combined 1.3–1.2; CO2 emissions in g/km: Combined 29–27; efficiency class: A+. Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 02.2021)
SEAT Leon e-HYBRID, power consumption in kWh/100 km: Combined 15.4–14.9; fuel consumption/petrol in l/100 km: Combined 1.3–1.2; CO2 emissions in g/km: Combined 29–27; efficiency class: A+. Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 05.2021)
SEAT Tarraco e-HYBRID, power consumption in kWh/100 km: Combined 14.5; fuel consumption/petrol in l/100 km: Combined 1.8; CO2 emissions in g/km: Combined 41; efficiency class: A+. Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 05.2021)
Audi Q4 e-tron , power consumption in kWh/100 km: Combined 17.3–15.8 (NEDC); Combined 19.0–17.0 (WLTP); CO₂ emissions in g/km: 0; efficiency class A+. Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 05.2021)
Octavia RS iV, fuel consumption in l/100 km: combined 1.5; power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 11.2; CO2 emissions in g/km: combined 33; efficiency class: A+. Vehicle image shows optional equipment.
Octavia Combi RS iV, fuel consumption in l/100 km: combined 1.5; power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 11.4; CO2 emissions in g/km: combined 34; efficiency class: A+. Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 05.2021)
OCTAVIA COMBI iV, fuel consumption in l/100 km: combined 1.4; power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 11.6; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 31; efficiency class: A+. Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 05.2021)
CUPRA Born, power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 16.0–15.0; CO₂ emissions in g/km: 0; efficiency class: A+. Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 09.2021)
Q4 Sportback e-tron, power consumption (NEDC) in kWh/100 km: combined1) 17.9–15.6; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined1) 0; efficiency class: A+. Vehicle images show special equipment. (Status: 09.2021)
ŠKODA ENYAQ iV 80x, Power consumption in kWh/100 km: 16.1 combined; CO2-emission combined in g/km: 0; Efficiency class: A+. Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 09.2021)
ID.4 GTX, Power consumption in kWh/100 km: 18.2-16.3 combined; CO2-emission combined in g/km: 0; Efficiency class: A+++. Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 10.2021)
ID.5 GTX, power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 17.1 – 15.6; CO₂ emissions combined in g/km: 0. Efficiency class: A+++; Vehicle image shows optional equipment.
ID.5 Pro and ID.5 Pro Performance, power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 15,9 – 14,6; CO₂ emissions combined in g/km: 0; Efficiency class: A+; Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 06.2022)
CUPRA Formentor 2.0 TDI, fuel consumption in l/100 km: combined 5.1-4.3; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 135-113; efficiency class: B-A.Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 05.2022)
Audi S8 TFSI, fuel consumption in l/100 km: combined 10.8-10.7; CO₂ emissions in g/km: combined 246-245; efficiency class: E.¹⁾ Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 05.2022)
ID.3 1ST, power consumption in kWh/100 km: combined 15,4 – 13,5; CO₂ emissions combined in g/km: 0; Efficiency class: A+; Vehicle image shows optional equipment. (Status: 09.2021)
ŠKODA ENYAQ iV 80 , electricity consumption in kWh/100 km: Combined 13.6; CO2 emissions in g/km: 0; efficiency class: A+++. Vehicle image shows special equipment. (Status: 02.2022)
Golf GTI, (180 kW / 245 PS) (NEDC) fuel consumption in l/100 km: urban 9.0-8.6 / extra-urban 5.6-5.3 / combined 6.9-6.5; CO₂ emissions in g/km (combined): 157-149; efficiency class: D-C. Vehicle image shows special equipment. (Status: 05.2021)